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Becoming a new parent is such an exciting and emotional journey, but it can also leave you wondering if you’ll ever sleep through the night again—especially when you’re up at 4am with your little one! But don’t worry. Just as you eventually learned to sleep through the night when you were little, your baby will too. Here’s a helpful guide to understanding your baby’s changing sleep patterns, with tips to help you and baby get a good night’s rest. The early days There’s nothing like the joy and wonder of watching your newborn sleep. Most of the time they’ll be in active sleep mode, which is characterized by dreaming, twitching, and irregular breathing. This is completely normal. As your baby grows more familiar with their new world, their sleep patterns will become more predictable.tips to help you and baby get a good night’s rest. Sleep needs in the first 3 months Newborns need lots of sleep, about 16 to 18 hours a day, and they will usually wake up every few hours for feedings. During this time, it’s all about creating a calming routine to help them feel safe and secure. Here are a few tips to help: Keep the room where they sleep dark and quiet and put your baby to sleep at the same time each night, to help  signal that it’s time to wind down. Let them sleep in their own safe environment, and not in bed with you. Have a bassinet or cradle ready in case your baby isn’t comfortable sleeping in a crib at first. Always place your baby on their back for every sleep to help reduce the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Between 3 to 6 months Life may become more predictable around the four-month mark. Your little one may nap two or three times during the day, which will help them sleep more consistently at night. Help your baby develop “self-soothing” skills by putting them in the crib when they’re drowsy, but not fully asleep. This will help them learn to fall asleep on their own. From 7 to 12 months By now, your baby may sleep through the night, although some will still wake up once or twice to feed. Your baby will need about 12 to 16 hours of total sleep, including nighttime sleep and daytime naps. If your baby cries during the night, give them a little time to see if they can get back to sleep on their own. If the crying continues, comfort them with a gentle touch or soothing lullaby. Once your baby can sit upright or push up on their hands and knees, you should remove mobiles or toy bars within their reach and move the mattress to its lowest level.  From 12+ months  Most toddlers sleep between 11 and 14 hours a day, which includes nighttime sleep and two naps or one longer afternoon nap. It is still important for them to nap since this helps promote growth, restoration, and brain development. Napping also gives you a chance to doze along with your little one or catch up on a favourite TV show. These sleepy cues indicate your toddler may need a nap: Lower energy and activity levels (for instance, losing interest in toys). Quieting down and rubbing their eyes. Irritability, whining, or fussiness.  With love, patience, and good routines, your baby will learn to sleep through the night. Remember that every baby is unique. With each passing day, your little one will find their own sleep rhythm. Consult your healthcare provider if you have any questions about your own or your baby’s sleep patterns. Sweet dreams! Canadian Paediatric Society, Caring for Kids. Healthy sleep for your baby and child. December 2018. Accessed March 2025. https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/healthy-living/healthy_sleep_for_your_baby_and_child  American Academy of Pediatrics. HealthyChildren.Org. Stages of newborn sleep. September 18, 2013. Accessed March 2025.https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/sleep/Pages/phases-of-sleep.aspx  Health Canada. Safe sleep for your baby. October 2021. Accessed March 2025. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/healthy-living/safe-sleep-your-baby-brochure.html

Welcoming a new baby into your life is a beautiful adventure. A lot of your time early on may be spent learning how to make your little one comfortable and happy. Something that can make a big difference to your baby’s well-being is paying extra attention to their tummy. Baby’s digestive system is still developing, so issues like gas and tummy discomfort may occur and cause your baby to fuss or cry. The good news is that there are some simple things you can do to help your baby’s tummy stay happy and healthy! Here are three helpful tips: Tummy time for baby Tummy time is supervised play where you allow your baby to spend time on their tummy while they are awake. It’s an important and fun way for your little one to strengthen their neck and shoulder muscles, develop head control, improve their motor skills (such as crawling), and prevent flat spots from forming on their head.  Tummy time may also aid in digestion, as being on their stomach helps strengthen and stretch baby’s abdominal muscles. Tummy time can put gentle pressure on baby’s tummy and help them move gas out and ease discomfort. Start with a few minutes of tummy time, 2 or 3 times a day, and build up to 3 or 4 tummy time sessions a day for 10 to 15 minutes each time. Gentle baby massage A massage is not only soothing for your baby, but it may also support a healthy tummy. Massaging your baby’s belly in a clockwise direction—from the top of the tummy to the bottom—may help your baby digest their food better and experience less constipation. Gentle massage is also a lovely bonding experience that can promote relaxation, improve your baby’s sleep, help keep them calm, and improve their circulation. You’ll notice how much your baby enjoys the feeling of your hands moving gently over their tummy.  Probiotics help nurture baby’s gut If you’re breast feeding, breast milk* contains probiotics; that can help support digestion, improve gut flora, and boost baby’s immune system. If you choose to use formula, look for those that are tummy-friendly, easy to digestǂ, and contain partially broken-down proteins and probiotics. Learn more about Good Start® Plus Stage 1 formula. Top takeaways Regular check-ins with your doctor can help you ensure your baby’s health is on track and that they are getting all the nutrients they need.  With a little tummy time each day, some gentle massage, and the goodness of breast milk and/or infant formula, you’re helping to set the stage for a happy, healthy digestive system! * Breast milk provides optimal nutrition for infants. Health Canada recommends that all breastfed and partially breastfed infants in Canada should receive a daily supplement of 10 µg (400 IU) vitamin D.   ǂ Like all infant formula.  American Academy of Pediatrics. HealthyChildren.Org. Abdominal Pain in infants: 8 possible reasons your baby’s tummy hurts. Accessed March 2025. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/abdominal/Pages/Abdominal-Pains-in-Infants.aspx American Academy of Pediatrics. HealthyChildren.Org. Gas Relief for Babies. Accessed March 2025. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/diapers-clothing/Pages/Breaking-Up-Gas.aspx 

In their first few weeks, your baby is using all their senses to explore the exciting new world around them. Here are some milestones you can look forward to in the early months with your little one. Month 1: Baby is exploring, developing reflexes, and starting to communicate Your baby will sleep, a lot! By the second week, you may notice your baby crying more frequently, as they begin to communicate their needs. At first all cries will sound alike, but soon enough you’ll start to recognize different types of cries signalling hunger, discomfort, or fatigue. The Moro—or startle—reflex, which happens when a baby is startled by a loud sound or by movement that feels like they are falling, may occur often. Other reflexes will also start to develop. Tips to stimulate baby’s senses Hearing: Play soothing music, use your own comforting voice to speak to them (in general babies prefer high-pitched voices), or introduce soft toys that make sounds to stimulate baby’s hearing. Sight: Capture their attention with black-and-white patterns, high-contrast mobiles, and your smiling face. Touch: Engage their sense of touch with soft blankets and toys. Expect to see your baby: Lift their head slightly to strengthen their neck muscles. Track objects close to their face. Blink in response to bright lights. Turn toward familiar voices. Grip your finger (the grasp reflex) or respond when you touch the corner of their mouth, which activates the rooting reflex and helps baby latch for breastfeeding. Month 2: Smiling and cooing are baby’s ways of talking to you  Your baby is becoming more alert and responsive now, taking in everything around them. They may smile or coo to show emotions, respond to familiar sounds, or when they recognize you and your partner. Your little one will start to communicate with sounds other than crying. Tips to nurture their social development Spend time talking, reading, and singing to your baby to help them develop their social skills. Talk back soothingly to your baby when they make sounds. This intimate face-to-face time will strengthen your bond and help them grasp the rhythm of conversation. Engage your baby’s attention with bright, colourful toys. Expect to see your baby: Push their chest up with their arms during tummy time to develop muscles and coordination. Go silent, cry, or act startled in response to loud sounds. Repeat “oohs” and “aahs.” Focus on small objects as they work their eye muscles. Month 3: Baby is building trust  By the third month, your little one will begin developing confidence and will start to associate actions with outcomes, such as calming down at the sound of your voice. By consistently meeting your little one’s needs, you can help build your baby’s sense of trust and foster their sense of safety and security. You can help develop their communication skills by talking, singing, and reading to them. Use simple language with them and pronounce words clearly. Expect to see your baby: Bring their hands together and start reaching for things. Explore by sucking on fingers and other objects. Maintain eye contact to learn to focus. Turn toward your voice and recognize sounds more clearly. Top takeaways  Watching your baby grow, use their senses, and start to communicate is incredibly exciting! Remember that babies reach developmental milestones at their own pace. Talk to your doctor if you have questions about your baby's progress.     Rourke Baby Record. Updated 2024. www.rourkebabyrecord.ca Accessed March 2025.   American Academy of Pediatrics. HealthyChildren.Org. Hearing and making sounds: Your baby’s milestones. Updated February 22, 2021. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/Pages/Hearing-and-Making-Sounds.aspx#:~:text=They%20will%20recognize%20and%20respond,accordingly%2C%20without%20even%20realizing%20it Canadian Paediatric Society. Caring for kids.cps.ca. Your child’s development: What to expect. Accessed March 2025. https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/behavior-and-development/your_childs_development  

Bringing a baby home is incredibly exciting, but the new responsibilities can also feel like a lot. Here are some simple yet effective tips to help you rest, recharge, and beat fatigue, so you can feel your best while taking care of your little one. Naptime is prime time Finding the time to get everything done at home may feel tricky, but rest shouldn't take a backseat. Loading the dishwasher and folding the clothes can wait! Try to get into the rhythm of napping when your baby does. If that’s not always possible, ask your partner or a family member to watch the baby while you get some much-deserved shut-eye.  Feel free to limit guests  While visitors often mean well, they can sometimes add more work than support during the early days with your little one. Don’t be shy about setting boundaries around who can visit and when. If you’re not up for the company, it’s okay to say no. When you feel ready for visitors, prioritize family and friends who are willing to help and provide support.    Eat healthy meals Eating well and staying hydrated will help your body recover and stay energized. Opt for healthy foods—like vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and lean proteins. For more nutrition tips, check out this article: Taking Care: Nutrition Tips for Expecting and New Moms. Go easy on the coffee The occasional morning coffee may help you feel alert , but try not to rely on caffeine to power through the day. Too much coffee can disrupt your sleep patterns (and your baby’s too, if you’re breastfeeding), so limit your intake to below 300 mg (two to three cups of coffee) per day. If you’re craving a warm drink later in the day, have a nice herbal tea instead! Add in morning workouts Looking to start exercising again? Slowly ease into it with low intensity exercise, like taking your baby for a walk. Talk to your doctor before you start working out after giving birth. Consider sharing feeding responsibilities Having expressed breast milk or ready-to-feed formula, like Good Start® Plus 1 Ready-to-Feed Baby Formula, can come in super handy when you need a break, want to catch up on uninterrupted sleep, or just need some alone time. Pro tip: sunshine may help A dose of sunlight can provide vitamin D, boost your mood, and may also help regulate your sleep-wake cycle. Stroller sessions may offer fresh air, some sunshine, and moderate exercise—great for you and your baby! Top takeaways While the first few months can feel challenging, remember that taking care of yourself is good for you and your baby. So, embrace the support around you, eat well, and enjoy guilt-free naps as needed. You deserve it!   Government of Canada. Your guide to postpartum health and caring for your baby. Published May 2023. https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/child-infant-health/postpartum-health-guide.html

As a new parent, you want to give your baby the very best, and a huge part of that is making sure they’re getting all the nutrition they need. Breast milk provides optimal nutrition for baby, including proteins that are essential building blocks for your baby’s growth. Breast milk naturally contains a balance of whey and casein proteins that are unique compared to the proteins found in cow’s milk used to make infant formulas. Not all formulas are the same When it comes to infant formulas, all formulas in Canada must meet strict nutritional standards. These include the amount and quality of the protein – but not all formulas are the same. While some formulas try to replicate breast milk using the same ratio of whey and casein, it’s not just about the numbers. What matters is creating a feeding experience that closely resembles what breastfed babies naturally receive. Inspired by breast milk, we take a unique approach to our formulas with gentleness in mind for your baby’s stomach. First, we start with high quality 100% whey protein, avoiding casein which can curdle in the stomach. Using an advanced two-step hydrolysis process, we partially break down the 100% whey protein into pieces that are 10x smaller, on average, than those in intact cow’s milk protein formulas, making them easy for your baby to digest. 1 How Comfort Proteins® Help Promote Softer Stools One common issue parents and caregivers may face when formula-feeding their baby is the occurrence of harder stools, which can be uncomfortable for a baby. Clinical studies have shown that babies fed formulas containing Comfort Proteins® partially broken down whey protein have experienced softer, more regular-shaped stools compared to babies fed traditional intact protein formulas.2 Softer stools may be more comfortable for your baby. A happy, healthy tummy means a happy, healthy baby—and fewer worries for you. Choosing a Formula for Your Baby When choosing a formula for your baby, remember that not all formulas are the same. Only Good Start® formulas contain our unique Comfort Proteins® that are designed to be gentle on tiny tummies and easy to digest*. With Good Start® formula, you can trust that your baby is getting gentle nutrition to support growth and comfort.   __*Like all infant formulas. References 1. Goehring K, et al. PLoS One. 2016;146(12):2559-2566. 2. Czerkies LA, et al. Int J Pediatr. 2018;2018:4969576.

Colic is a relatively common, though challenging, experience for many parents. While it typically peaks between 6–8 weeks and resolves by 3–4 months1, it can be frustrating to manage. Here are some strategies and tips you can use to ease the journey. What Causes Colic? The exact cause of colic remains unclear to scientists and doctors. A doctor may diagnose a baby with colic if they cry for more than 3 hours a day, at least 3 times per week, and it occurs for more than 3 weeks.2 However, a colicky baby does not mean an unhealthy baby. There are plenty of ways you can help manage symptoms.1,3 If you are worried about your baby's crying, talk to your doctor. Tips for Managing Colic Navigating colic requires patience, self-care, and some proven approaches: Feeding PositionFeeding your baby in a vertical position can help minimize their discomfort.4 ProbioticsL. reuteri is a probiotic naturally found in breast milk and has been clinically shown to reduce crying time in colicky breastfed babies^5,6 and support a healthy and balanced gut flora6 in baby’s digestive system. Consult your doctor about using probiotic L. reuteri supplementation to help reduce symptoms.8 Movement & Quiet TimeTry swaddling your baby and rocking them side to side. Alternatively, you can try taking them for a walk on a quiet street. If you’re trying to get your baby to nap, consider adding white noise in the background to minimize sound disruption. Naps are a great opportunity for you to get some rest, too.  Self-CareSelf-care is important. Sleep when possible, snack on nutritious foods, and take deep breaths during stressful moments. Place your baby in a safe space, like a crib, to give yourself a break, and lean on trusted adults to support you during challenging moments.2 Remember, colic is not caused by poor parenting. It is temporary and does not affect a baby’s general health or future development. By implementing these strategies and seeking support, you can help ease your baby’s colic and navigate this phase with confidence. ^In breastfed babies References 1. Alberta Health, 2023. Colic. Consulté le 2024 décembre. URL: https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw315042. HealthLinkBC, 2023. What is colic?. Consulté le 2024 décembre. URL: https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/pregnancy-parenting/parenting-babies-0-12-months/baby-health/colic3. Société canadienne de pédiatrie, 2021. Les coliques et les pleurs. Consulté le 2024 décembre. URL: https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/colic_and_crying4. John Hopkins Medicine, 2024. Colic. Consulté le 2024 décembre. URL: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/colic5. Chau K et al. J Pediatr. 2015;166(1):74-78.6. Savino F et al. Pediatrics. 2010;128: e528-e533.7. Concorrullo P et al. J Pediatr. 2010;157(4):598-602.8. Scheider R and Sant’Anna M. Paediatr Child Health. 2022; 27(8):482-491.

Breast milk is the ideal nutritional start for babies. In fact, experts recommend breastfeeding exclusively for the first six months of baby’s life and continuing up until two year and beyond. 1-3 Whether you choose to breastfeed, formula feed, or combine them, knowing when your baby is hungry or full can help you meet their needs – from day one! Recognizing Hunger and Fullness Cues4 0-6 months Your baby’s stomach is tiny, so they’ll need small, frequent feedings to keep them full and with a happy belly. You can count on 8-12 feedings per day to help them grow strong and healthy. When your newborn is hungry, look for these clues: Opening mouth wide when nipple brushes lips or when cheek is stroked  Rooting for nipple Bringing fingers or hands to mouth Crying as a late sign of being very hungry When your newborn is full, you may notice:  Releasing of the nipple Slowing down or stopping sucking Falling asleep (keep an eye out for a little smile!) To learn more about feeding and the tips, techniques and positions to enhance your bond with baby, check out our Guide to Feeding Your Newborn. 6-12 months As baby grows from a newborn to an infant, feeding frequency will slow. Whew! Try working towards 3-5 breast milk and/or baby formula feedings, while offering 2-3 nutritious complementary foods and 1-3 snacks per day. Hunger cues will have also evolved since their newborn stage. Look out for your baby: Showing excitement or reaching out when food is presented Opening mouth wide and leaning toward spoon, nipple or bottle Fussing as a late sign of being very hungry Once full, your infant may show you by:  Getting easily distracted and looking elsewhere. Spoon or nipple is batted away Leaning back, clenching mouth, turning head or pushing away from nipple or food 12+ months Welcome to the toddler stage! By now, a variety of appropriate solid foods may be offered regularly alongside breast milk or formula as part of a balanced diet. Keep an eye out for these hunger cues:  Expressing desire for food with words, gestures or sounds Leading you to the fridge or cupboard, pointing to the desired food When full, your toddler may start: Shaking their head Using phrases like "all done," "no more" or "get down" Becoming easily distracted or playful with food   References : 1. Government of Canada, 2023.Nutrition for healthy term infants: recommendations from birth to six months. Accessed 2024 September. URL: https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/canada-food-guide/resources/nutrition-healthy-term-infants/nutrition-healthy-term-infants-recommendations-birth-six-months.html 2. Canadian Paediatric Society, 2020. Breastfeeding. Accessed 2024 September. https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/breastfeeding 3. World Health Organization, 2023. Infant and Young Child Feeding. Accessed 2024 September. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding 4. Canadian Paediatric Society, 2020. Feeding your baby in the first year. Accessed 2024 September. https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/healthy-living/feeding_your_baby_in_the_first_year

The decision to introduce or supplement with formula doesn’t mean it’s the end of your breastfeeding journey. Many parents successfully use a combination of breastfeeding and formula feeding to support their baby’s healthy growth and development. If you’re wondering about supplementing with formula, a conversation with your doctor can help you decide what’s best for your baby’s needs. They can provide guidance based on your baby’s health, feeding habits, and growth patterns. Tips for Introducing Formula Before making changes to your baby’s feeding routine, please speak with your doctor to ensure it is the best decision for your family. If you are looking to make the transition to supplementing easier, follow these tips: If you can, wait to supplement until breastfeeding is established. Try bottled breast milk to help them adjust to a bottle. Maintain the breastfeeding parent’s breast milk supply by pumping after each bottle feeding. Pick a time when your baby is calm and happy to introduce the bottle, take a gradual approach. Position your baby properly and in a semi-upright position, skin-to-skin when possible. Consider combo-feeding – alternating between breast milk and formula feedings. Formula should always be prepared separately from breast milk. For step-by-step instructions on introducing your baby to formula, read our guide. Choosing the Right Formula for Your Baby If you decide to begin supplementing with baby formula, look for a formula with: Partially broken-down proteins: These are proteins broken down into smaller pieces, making them easy to digest. Probiotics: Probiotics are part of what gives breast milk its natural protective qualities and helps support the development of a healthy tummy.2 2’-FL: 2’-FL is one of the most abundant types of human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) present in breast milk, and has been shown to support baby’s digestive health and developing immune system.3,4 DHA: DHA is an Omega-3 fatty acid naturally found in breast milk that supports baby’s brain and eye development. Good Start® Plus 1 formula, our closest formula to breast milk, contains the unique combination of our exclusive Comfort Proteins®, which are 100% whey proteins partially broken down for small tummies, Probiotic B. lactis, 2’-FLǁ, and expert recommended levels of DHA5. References : ǁ Not derived from human milk.  1. Cleveland Clinic, 2024. Feeding Your Baby: How and When to Supplement With Formula. Accessed 2024 September. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/breast-milk-formula 2. Holscher H, et al. JPEN. 2013;36(1):106S-116S. 3. Bode L, et al. Glycobiology. 2012;22(2):1147-1162. 4. Goehring K, et al. PLoS One. 2016;146(12):2559-2566. 5. ADA/DC. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107:1599-1611.

The Link Between Gut Health and Immunity As a parent, you know that keeping your baby healthy is a top priority. What you may not realize is how closely gut health and immunity are connected. In fact, a large portion (70-80%) of our body’s immune cells reside in the gut.1 A healthy gut helps support your baby’s digestion and supports their developing immune system. Supporting Your Baby's Developing Gut & Immune System  Nutrition plays a key role in developing our immune system. That’s because our digestive tract and our immune system work together very closely. From birth, your baby’s gut microbiome—the community of beneficial bacteria in their digestive system—begins to form. This development is important for both the digestive tract and immune system.  Your baby’s immune system continues to develop after birth. This happens when they come into contact with all kinds of microorganisms (bacteria), from mom’s birth canal, mom’s skin, and breast milk.2-4 What are Probiotics? Probiotics are live, safe microorganisms, which, when taken in adequate amounts, can provide certain health benefits, particularly in influencing the digestive and immune systems.5 Each probiotic strain has its own unique benefits. For instance, Bifidobacterium lactis has been clinically shown to help support a healthy gut microflora and the development of a healthy immune system8,9, while Limosilactobacillus reuteri (also known as L. reuteri) has been clinically shown to help reduce crying time in colicky breastfed infants.10 Why Probiotics Matter Proper nutrition that includes probiotics – whether from breast milk or another source – can help support your baby’s gut and immune system development. For parents who cannot, or choose not to breastfeed, there are infant formulas that contain added probiotics. The probiotics added to certain Good Start® formulas are specifically chosen for their ability to help support your baby’s gut health. These probiotics help maintain a balance of good bacteria in the gut. Good Start® Plus Stage 1 powder formula is our closest formula to breast milk and has the combination of our exclusive Comfort Proteins®, Probiotic B. lactis, 2’-FL, and expert recommended levels of DHA.11 Designed for babies with tummy troubles, Good Start Soothe™ formula is the only infant formula with Probiotic L. reuteri and has been shown to help reduce fussiness with the first bottle.**,12 If you have any questions about probiotics or feeding your baby, speak with your doctor.   References:   * All breastfed, full-term infants in Canada should receive a daily vitamin D supplement of 10 μg (400 IU).** Study results among parents of fussy infants.1. Wiertsema SP, et al. 2021. Nutrients. 9;13(3):886.2. Gueimonde M, et al. Neonatology. 2007;92:64–66. 3. Cabrera-Rubio R, et al. AJCN. 2012;96:544–551. 4. Khodayar-Pardo P, et al. Journal of Perinatology. 2014;27 Mar: 1–7.5. Joint FAO/WHO Expert consultation on evaluation of health and nutritional properties of probiotics in food including powder milk with live lactic acid bacteria, October, 2001. 6. Saavedra JM. Nutr Clin Pract. 2007;22:351–65. 7. Yoshioka H, et al. Pediatrics. 1983;72:317–21.8. Langhendries JP, et al. JPGN. 1995;21:177-181. 9. Holscher HD, et al. JPEN. 2013;36(1):106S-117S.10. Chau K, et al. J Pediar. 2015; 166(1):74-78.11. ADA/DC. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107:1599-1611.12. Czerkies L, et al. J Pediatr Health and Nutr. 2019;1(1):19-26.  

A holistic guide to feeding: breast, bottle and combination Learn as much as you can about feeding before your baby arrives. Familiarizing yourself with tips, techniques and positions will enhance your bond with your little one while ensuring that your baby receives essential nutrients for a good start. The benefits of breastfeeding Embrace the power of Mother Nature: breast milk - the ideal nourishment, created by your body for your precious baby. Not only does it keep newborns healthy and strong, but it's also great for infants’ emotional well-being.Breastfeeding offers many benefits for both you and your baby. Health Canada and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life with continued breastfeeding up to two years of age and on, or for as long as you can.1-3 Here are some key benefits of breast milk to consider: Optimal nutrition: Breast milk contains the ideal combination of nutrients*, antibodies, and enzymes tailored to meet your baby's unique needs, supporting their growth and development.2 Immune protection: Breast milk contains naturally protective compounds, like antibodies, probiotics, and human milk oligosaccharides, that all help protect your baby against infections and illnesses while supporting their developing immune system. Bonding and emotional connection: The close physical contact during breastfeeding promotes a strong emotional bond between you and your baby, creating a sense of security and comfort. Ready? Set? Breastfeed! When do you start to breastfeed? Right away! Experts advise that mothers start breastfeeding within an hour of giving birth. This promotes immediate bonding and provides essential health benefits for both mother and baby. Feeding frequency: what’s the schedule? Keep it simple: Feed your baby whenever they seem hungry. Plan to feed every 2-3 hours, even during those nighttime awakenings—around 8-12 times within a 24-hour period. Having your newborn nearby while you sleep ensures that you can feed whenever your little one wakes or gets hungry. And don't forget, the more your baby nurses, the more milk your body will make.4 Feeding Positions     Finding the right position for breastfeeding is key. Experiment with the options listed below and pick the one (or more) that feels comfy for both you and your little one. Cradle hold: This classic position involves holding your baby's head in the crook of your arm, with their body turned towards you. It is a comfortable and secure position for most mothers and babies. Cross-cradle hold: Similar to the cradle hold, but with your opposite hand supporting your breast. This position offers more control and is often recommended for newborns and premature babies. Football hold: Ideal for mothers after a cesarean birth or for those with large breasts, the football hold involves tucking your baby under your arm, with their legs extended towards your back. Side-lying position: This position allows for comfortable breastfeeding in bed, particularly useful for night feedings. Lie on your side with your baby facing you, aligning your bodies for easy access. Laid-back position: Embrace the laid-back breastfeeding position, also known as biological nurturing, allowing babies to instinctively latch and feed while promoting relaxation for mothers. Remember, the key to finding the right feeding position is comfort for both you and your baby. Don't hesitate to experiment and seek guidance from healthcare professionals or lactation consultants for personalized support. Once you’ve achieved a strong latch, repeat the process Getting your baby to latch on properly can take some practice. But don’t worry! Once you’ve secured that strong latch, baby will consistently want to return for more. Remember, repetition is key. Create a calm environment. Be in a place where you can be relaxed and calm. Try different breastfeeding holds to make sure you are comfortable. Let your baby lead. If baby is not hungry, they might stay curled against your chest, and that’s okay. You can try again later. If baby is bobbing their head or rooting, or you sense baby might be hungry, try tickling the baby’s lips to encourage baby to latch. Signs of success As a new parent, it's crucial to know when breastfeeding is going smoothly - it's not just about fulfilling your little one's hunger. Breastfeeding is a time for you and your baby to bond and for them to receive essential nutrients to grow healthy and strong. Here are a few signs to watch for. The latch feels comfortable to you and does not hurt or pinch. You hear or see your baby swallow. Your baby is producing wet and dirty diapers. Formula feeding: nourishment with care While breastfeeding is the ideal food for baby during the first six months of life, some families cannot or may choose not to exclusively breastfeed. Health Canada recommends cow milk-based commercial infant formula for infants who are not exclusively fed their mother’s breast milk.1 Infant formulas are designed to provide the recommended amounts of essential nutrients – like protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals for baby's healthy growth and development. Choosing the right formula: All infant formulas in Canada meet strict nutritional standards and support baby’s growth and development, but not all formulas are the same. Talk with your doctor to find a formula that meets your baby's nutritional needs. Proper sterilization and preparation: Sterilize bottles, nipples, and other feeding equipment before and after each use. Also, follow the instructions on the product label to ensure you accurately prepare the formula. Establish a feeding routine: Create a feeding routine that fits your baby's needs. Keep an eye out for their hunger and fullness cues—they might change from day to day! Combining breastfeeding and formula feeding Lots of parents choose to mix breastfeeding and formula feeding, which provides flexibility to meet both baby's and family's needs. This is called supplementing, mixed or combination feeding. It may come in handy if moms encounter challenges with feeding or are anticipating schedule changes, like returning to work. Baby's weight fluctuations explained Whether you are breastfeeding, formula feeding or both, recognize that it is common for newborns to temporarily lose weight in the early days of life. This can be frightening for new moms who are afraid that their baby may not be receiving the necessary nutrients. This weight loss usually stops after the first few days.4 Baby’s growth will be closely tracked by your doctor at your well-baby visits. Weight fluctuations may be part of their natural growth and development. Reach out to your doctor if you have any concerns about how your baby is growing.Parents, it's important to remember that regardless of the feeding method you choose, the well-being of both you and your baby is what truly matters. Your baby's health and happiness, along with your own, are top priorities. Every baby is unique, so trust your instincts and seek guidance from your doctor as you navigate this feeding journey together. Your intuition combined with your doctor’s guidance will ensure a smooth and fulfilling experience for both you and your little one.*All breastfed and partially breastfed babies in Canada should receive a 400 IU (10 μg) vitamin D supplement each day. References: 1 Government of Canada. (2023.) Nutrition for healthy term infants: recommendations from birth to six months. Accessed 2024 April. URL: https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/canada-food-guide/resources/nutrition-healthy-term-infants/nutrition-healthy-term-infants-recommendations-birth-six-months.html 2 Canadian Paediatric Society. Caring for Kids. (2020.) Breastfeeding. Accessed 2024 March.URL: https://caringforkids.cps.ca/handouts/pregnancy-and-babies/breastfeeding3 World Health Organization. (2023.) Infant and Young Child Feeding. Accessed 2024 February. URL: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding4 Government of Canada. (2023). Ten valuable tips for successful breastfeeding. Accessed 2024 April. URL: https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/publications/healthy-living/valuable-tips-successful-breastfeeding.html

You may be thinking about changing your baby’s formula whether it’s due to their age or digestive issues like fussiness, gas and spitting up. Regardless of the reason, it’s best to speak with your doctor before switching your baby’s formula. Once you have the go-ahead, here’s some things to consider when doing the switch. Why switch baby formulas Many parents choose to switch formulas for different reasons such as adapting to different dietary needs or preferences, feeding issues, or transitioning to a different stage formula as their baby grows. How to switch formulas Start by replacing a small amount of your baby's feed with the new formula.  Gradually increase the amount of new formula with each feeding. Be patient, it can take up to 5 days for some babies to adjust.  How to choose which formula to switch to Talk to your baby’s doctor Your baby’s doctor should be consulted for any questions about your baby’s health.They know your baby's unique needs and can help guide your formula choice based on any potential intolerances or other dietary requirements your baby might have. Your doctor may recommend switching to a lactose-reduced or soy-based formula. If your doctor suspects your baby has an allergy, they may recommend hypoallergenic formula designed for babies with allergies. Choose the right stage Look for formulas that are age-appropriate for your little one. Different formulas are designed for different stages, such as newborns or infants 6 months and older. Read the label instructions Remember to carefully follow the preparation instructions on the label for the product you are using. Instructions can vary from product to product and between infant formula brands. Tips for switching formulas Give your baby 3 to 5 days to get used to the new formula: The adjustment could happen right away or it may take some time to adapt. While you’re transitioning, your baby may go through some other slight changes—mainly to their stool pattern, gas and how often they spit up. Minor changes to baby’s stool pattern, gas or how often they spit up are normal when transitioning to a new formula Make sure to follow the preparation and storage instructions on the label for each formula.   Is switching formulas safe? Switching baby formulas is generally considered safe and common but it's important to talk to your baby’s doctor before making any changes. Why choose GOOD START®? GOOD START formulas are tummy friendly and easy to digest*. Designed with baby’s comfort in mind, only GOOD START formulas have comfort proteins, which are 100% whey proteins that have been partially broken down using our unique process for small tummies. Whenever you may decide it’s time for formula, choose GOOD START PLUS. It’s our closest formula to breast milk and the only non-GMO† baby formula with Comfort Proteins™, Probioticsǂ, DHA, and 2’-FL. Switching to a formula for sensitive stomachs Designed to give sensitive tummies extra comfort, GOOD START SOOTHE is easy to digest* and has 30% less lactose compared to other GOOD START milk-based formulas. It is our most advanced formula for fussy tummies and is the only formula with probiotic L. reuteri. Over 90% of parents who switched to GOOD START SOOTHE said their baby was less fussy after the first feed.1 *Like all infant formulas †Ingredients not genetically engineered. ǂ Probiotics only in powder format. 1. Czerkies L et al., JPHN. 2019;1(1):19-26.

Health Canada recommends that, for the nutrition, immunologic protection, growth, and development of infants and toddlers, you breastfeed exclusively for the first six months and you sustain it for up to two years or longer with appropriate complementary feeding.1,2 If you need help breastfeeding, healthcare professionals, family and friends can often provide support, encouragement and advice during this period of learning to feed your new baby. There are a variety of reasons you may choose to supplement breast milk with formula, like: Baby isn’t gaining weight as quickly as your doctors would expect, mom’s milk is taking time to come in, or on rare occasions, you’ve been advised by your doctor to avoid providing breast milk in order to protect your baby due to health concerns. Here’s some information about your formula choices to help determine what’s best for you and your baby. The facts Unlike regular cow’s milk, infant formulas contain the recommended amounts of protein, carbohydrate, fat, vitamins and minerals required for baby’s healthy growth & development. Healthcare professionals recommend cow’s milk-based, commercial iron-fortified formula for infants who aren’t exclusively breastfed because it offers a complete source of nutrition for your baby during the first year.1,* All infant formulas in Canada meet strict nutritional standards, but not all formulas are the same. 100% whey, partially hydrolyzed protein is a type of cow’s milk protein that has been partially broken down into smaller pieces. Hospitals don’t carry all infant formula brands. Look for a formula with the benefits of probiotics, 2’-FL, and DHA There have been many scientific advancements to infant formulas—consider choosing a formula that contains: ProbioticB. lactis: Probiotics are part of what gives breast milk its natural protective qualities. Probiotic B. lactis contributes to baby’s healthy gut microbiota and supports their developing immune system.2 Probiotic L. reuteri: Probiotic L. reuteri contributes to baby’s healthy gut microbiota and helps to reduce fussiness3,4and mild spit-ups.5,+  2’-FL HMO: HMO are bioactive compounds found in breast milk that offer protective benefits for your baby. HMO support your little one’s digestive health and developing immune system. One of the most abundant types of HMO in breast milk is called 2’-FL.6-8 DHA: DHA contributes to your baby’s normal physical brain and eye development. Formats Infant formula comes in three different formats and you can choose one, two or all three for your baby—whatever your daily routine can handle! Ready-to-Feed Formula New to formula? This easy-to-use format was made for your convenience. Comes in a ready-to-use sterile nurser form (Attach nipple. Warm**. Feed!) Do not mix with additional water.§ Concentrate Formula "Add Water" concentrated liquid infant formula is easy to use and prepare for added convenience Requires additional amount of sterilized water§ Mixes easily (No clumps or scoops!) Powder Formula Convenient Great value! Requires powder be added to desired amount of sterilized water§   Introducing Infant Formula: Step-by-Step Follow these simple instructions to supplement breastfeeding with formula or transition to formula feeding: Substitute one mid-day breastfeeding with a bottle-feeding. Relieve your breasts between feedings by expressing small amounts of milk (only if necessary). Talk soothingly when you offer the bottle and give extra loving attention. Substitute another breastfeeding with bottle-feeding every 2-3 days until you reach your desired balance between breastfeeding and bottle-feeding. Some Additional Thoughts on Transitioning Do not replace two consecutive feedings on the same day when you first begin weaning. If you continue with breastfeeding in the morning and evening, or leave them as your last substitutions, you will have greater flexibility to return to work or share daytime feedings with others. The transition to formula may happen smoothly, but sometimes it takes a little longer. All babies and moms are different, so try to be patient, relax and enjoy your time together. * All breastfed and partially breastfed infants in Canada should receive a daily vitamin D supplement of 10ug (400 IU). +In breastfed babies. **Do not use a microwave oven to warm formula, as it can produce hot spots in the bottle that can burn your baby. § Your baby’s health depends on carefully following the label directions for preparation and use. References 1 Joint statement of Health Canada, Canadian Paediatric Society, Dietitians of Canada, and Breastfeeding Committee for Canada. Nutrition for Healthy Term Infants: Recommendations from Birth to Six Months. 2012. Nutrition for Healthy Term Infants: Recommendations from Birth to Six Months - Canada.ca 2Holscher H, et al. JPEN. 2013;36(1):106S-116S. 3Chau K, et al. J Pediatr. 2015;166(1):74-78. 4Czerkies L, et al. J Pediatr Health Nutr. 2019;1(1):19-26. 5Garofoli F, et al. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2014;65(5):646-648. 6Bode L, et al. Glycobiology. 2012;22(2):1147-1162. 7Goehring K, et al. PLoS One. 2016;146(12):2559-2566. 8Storm H, et al. Global Pediatric Health. 2019;6:1-10.

To start things off, here’s a quick breakdown of the three formats of formula. Types of infant formula Ready-to-feed: Most convenient (no preparation required!) Concentrated liquid: Just needs to be diluted with water Powder: Great value! (Mix the powder with water) To ensure that you are giving your baby the right amount of nutrition, and to minimize the risk of bacterial contamination, it is essential to follow the label instructions, and prepare and refrigerate formula properly. Your baby's health depends on this. Before you begin: Storage and preparation dos and don’ts Dos Ask your baby’s doctor about infant formula, including how much and how often to feed. Carefully read the directions for preparation and use on the label so you can follow them accurately. Your baby's health depends on this. Wash your hands thoroughly before preparing infant formula. Feed your baby immediately after preparing the bottle. Always test the temperature of warmed formula before feeding (just use the inside of your wrist or the top of your hand). Don’ts Do not add extra powder or more concentrated liquid infant formula than indicated in the label instructions. Do not add any other ingredients (sugar or cereals) to the formula. Do not use formula from a package that may be damaged (e.g., dented, opened, leaking, or bloated) and discard the package immediately. Do not use a microwave oven to warm formula (it can produce hot spots in the bottle that can burn your baby). Do not store any remaining formula that your baby didn’t eat—discard it immediately (it’s not safe to store it for later). How to prepare baby formula: Step-by-step* Do not use a microwave oven to sterilize bottles or utensils. First and foremost, always sterilize your bottles, nipples, rings and all preparation utensils by placing them in a pot with boiling water, boiling for 5 minutes, cleaning the area where you’ll be prepping things and washing your hands. Ready-to-Feed Liquid Formula Preparation Shake the ready-to-feed Tetra Pak™ carton well and wipe the top with a clean damp cloth before opening. Pour ready-to-feed formula directly into a sterilized bottle—do not mix with additional water! Put the bottle in hot water until it is lukewarm (usually 1-2 minutes). Immediately close the opened Tetra Pak™ carton with the resealable cap and store it in the fridge—use the rest within 24 hours. Concentrated Liquid Formula Preparation Bring water to a rolling boil for 2 minutes and let it cool to lukewarm temperature (37°C) before mixing. Shake the Tetra Pak™ carton well and wipe the top with a clean damp cloth before opening. Pour equal amounts of measured-out formula and sterilized water into a sterilized bottle. Do not over or under dilute unless directed by a healthcare professional. Cap the bottle and shake well. Immediately close the opened Tetra Pak™ carton with the resealable cap and store it in the fridge—use the rest within 24 hours. Test the temperature of warmed formula on your wrist before feeding. Feed immediately. Throw out any unfinished formula within 1 hour after feeding. Powder Formula Preparation Bring water to a rolling boil for at least 2 minutes and let it cool to lukewarm or body temperature (37°C) before using. Pour measured, sterilized water into a sterilized bottle. (Always put the water in your bottle first—it’ll help the powder dissolve better as you add it, rather than trying to add water to a bottle that you’ve already put powder in. For best mixing results, use lukewarm water prior to adding powder.) Add the appropriate number of scoops of powder, as directed on the label. Do not over-dilute or under-dilute unless directed by a healthcare professional. Cap the bottle and shake it well, until the powder is completely dissolved. Test the temperature of warmed formula before feeding. Note: Only prepare one bottle at a time. Infant formula storage* Ready-to-feed formula storage after opening After opening the carton, if there’s formula left, recap it immediately, refrigerate it upright, and use it within 24 hours. Concentrated liquid formula storage after opening After opening, if there’s any formula remaining in the carton, recap it immediately, refrigerate it upright, and use it within 24 hours. Powder formula storage after opening After opening the can, keep it tightly covered with the lid and use within 1 month. Store the container in a cool, dry place. Sterilizing bottles in advance of feeding While preparing and filling bottles in advance may seem like a good idea, preparing and then storing formula is not recommended. Following the manufacturer's label instructions is important for the health of your baby. One safe way to save time is to sterilize bottles and fill them with the appropriate amount of sterilized, cooled water ahead of time. If you choose to measure out the appropriate amount of water ahead of time, do not add the formula until feeding time. This will shorten the preparation process once feeding time arrives. Once the formula is added to the measured water, the bottle must be warmed in hot water to bring it to a lukewarm temperature. Remember, your baby’s health depends on you carefully following the directions for preparation and use on the label. How long is powdered formula good for after opening the container? Once open, powdered formula will stay fresh up to one month and does not require refrigeration. How long is formula good for after warming? You should avoid using a microwave to warm formula. After warming the prepared formula, it’s recommended to feed your baby right away. The bottle should be used within 2 hours from the time it was warmed. Don’t refrigerate and reuse formula that has been previously warmed. How long can formula sit out for? Never leave any unused prepared or opened liquid formula at room temperature for more than 2 hours. Once you’ve fed your baby, discard any formula remaining in the bottle within 1 hour. Important formula preparation and storage notes Check the expiration date prior to using any formula. Throw out any containers that have expired. Never leave any unused prepared or opened liquid formula at room temperature for more than 2 hours. Feed formula immediately and discard any formula remaining in the bottle within 1 hour after a feeding. Immediately close and store any opened ready-to-feed or concentrated liquid Tetra Pak™ carton in the refrigerator for no more than 24 hours*. * Formula storage instructions are stated based on Good Start® infant formula products. Please consult the label for full preparation and use instructions. If using another brand of infant formula, please follow the directions stated on the label. Reference Health Canada. Preparing and handling of powdered infant formula. 2022. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/milk-infant-formula/preparing-handling-powdered-infant-formula.html. Accessed July 2023.